Sine Cosin and Tangent free essay sample

Plot is a sequential or complex arrangement or development of events in a novel. It is everything that happens in a story and why and how it happened. The plot usually unfolds all the action in a story through climax, anti-climax, simple or compound plot. Plot is a series of events; the plot of this novel is basically vengeance as the title implies. The summary as well as the plot is rather similar so therefore they will be discussed together. The text Vengeance by Ayo Olaosebikan is praise worthy, commendable and of course an approved play teaching moral, as well as, a play on the tragedy of students. It is a good example of a work that was the Nigerian tertiary institution as its physical setting. The rich use of proverbs and adages are clearly stated and obvious in the text. The proverbs convey and interpret the messages intended clearly and convincingly, the storyline and the plot is straightforward. We will write a custom essay sample on Sine Cosin and Tangent or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Even though, the scenes build up cumulatively from Act one to Act five serves as a social satire. It was written to create the impression that ‘tough times never last, but tough people do’. It also teaches that it is good to be good, the play is didactic. So, the physical setting notwithstanding, the play suits all levels of learning. The story is about the ‘acada wizard Ibekwe who fortunately sponsored by his dear cousin Mr. Anderson, to have the education of his dreams in the Otutuechi University. During his stay in college, he was indeed a very studious and hardworking student, but then, he encountered obstacles. Little did he know that his almost perfect smooth life was coming to an abrupt end. First, his lecturer, Dr. Biatu, was hell bent on making his career rupture. His nightmares came to reality and worst of all; he was on the verge of becoming a school dropout. All these occurrences may have even become a reality if not for his ever helping cousin, Mr. Anderson, his graduation angel Dr. Bolu and his good behaviour which enabled him to successfully graduate from Otutuechi University. In the prospect that is in this text, Vengeance means revenge or repaying someone for their bad deeds, or doings hence this was the case between Ibekwe and Biatu. In the next eight years, after Ibekwe had successfully graduated from the university, he became a Commander – in-chief and during the war, the ‘Commander-in- Chief’ was to go to Otutuechi University in Dubem state to examine those who were to be approved or disapproved from the military camp. Fortunately, the lucky ones were taken to the civilian territory while the unlucky ones were taken for military training. You can guess that, those in the military training died. Successfully, the war ended and they were victorious. The teachers who tried to ruin his career died and his guardian angels survived. Hence, an important and obvious message is ‘it is very good to be good and very bad to be bad. ’ Finally, the playwright of vengeance has diligently created the notion that language and communication skills are the bedrock of all meaningful education attainment in any part of the world. The victory of evil over good is only temporary across, to both teachers and students worldwide. Evil seems triumphant in our educational institutions and students are fortunate. This playwright restores hope to students who are being oppressed. It also sends a message of caution to elders of today to be careful in their actions, for the law of nemesis stands. Structure Structure is the way in which the part of something, or in this case, the novel, are connected together, arranged or organised. ‘Vengeance’ is made up of five acts. In the first act there are three scenes. In the second act there are five scenes. In the third act there are six scenes. In the fourth act there are also six scenes. Finally, in the fifth act, we have four scenes. The literature text comprises of 93 pages. It contains the dedication, gratitude, searchlight, foreword, dramatis personae, glossary and the drama itself. Themes This is the subject or main idea in a piece of writing, play, or work of art. Themes are also defined as what the story is about. The theme is the main idea or general idea. The themes in Vengeance are: 1) Revenge: This is an act of doing something in order to make somebody suffer because they have made you suffer. Ibekwe sought revenge on Dr Biatu when he had the power, authority and was in a higher rank to make him suffer as he pleased during his university education. 2) Obstacles: Obstacles are stumbling blocks, a situation or an event that makes it difficult to achieve or accomplish something. In the text, we can observe the obstacles in the life and story of Ibekwe , which include- Dr Biatu’s continuous wickedness towards him, the death of nearly all his nuclear family members, and at that time not enough money to further his education. All these obstacles nearly hindered Ibekwe’s problem. 3) Deceit: This is a dishonest and terrible act or behaviour that is intended to make somebody or someone believe something that is untrue. In this text, Biatu is seen as a very deceitful character as he deceives both his family; by making them believe he is a respectable father and husband not knowing that he is an irresponsible paedophile. He as well deceives his female students, telling them he will marry them instead, impregnating them and worst of all leaving them useless and hindering their education. 4) Evil: This is an extremely unpleasant force that causes bad things to happen. It is enjoying harming others physically and mentally. Most of the themes e. g. deceit and revenge are evil acts so as such Biatu symbolized evil as he enjoyed doing harm to Ibekwe emotionally by harming his academics. 5) Determination: This is a quality one possesses that makes you continue trying to do something even when there are obstacles and the situation is difficult. In the text, ‘Vengeance’, Ibekwe was clearly the symbol of determination from the beginning of his life to the end. First he was determined to go to Otutuechi University by passing his exams, as well as, being determined to be useful in life through all his trials and tribulations as such became a commander in chief leading his state out of war. 6) Karma: this is the sum of somebody’s good and bad actions in their life, believed to decide what would happen in the next life. For example, iin the text, ‘Vengeance’, we can see that dr. Biatu made Ibekwe’s life miserable and served as a nuisance to his life. In the next life(8 yearts ago) to be precise, Ibekwe does the same and indeed succeeds in doing worse. The law of Ibekwe states, â€Å"What goes around goes around†. 7) Hope: this is an act of trusting in someone or something that a situation will be alright. In the text, we can tell that Nkiru and Ibekwe were alike in so many ways: a) their optimistic attitude towards life and their great hope in god that all will be well. 8) Good deeds: good deeds are those acxts done by someone with an immaculate heart who is caring and 9) Wickedness 10) Oppression DRAMTIS PERSONAE Ibekwe : Student, Political Science Department Mazi Anyahora: Ibekwe’s father Nhiru : Ibekwe’s Mother Tombo: Dr. Anderson’s houseboy Dr. Anderson: Mazi Anyahora’s nephew Dr. Bolu; Senior Lecturer in Political Science Department; Dr. Anderson’s friend Obinna : Ibekwe’s friend Dr. Biatu : Senior Lecturer in Political Science Department Lucy : Ibekwe’s classmate Bonfo : Ibekwe’s classmate Lauretta : Ibekwe’s classmate Chima : Ibekwe’s classmate Mayowa : Ibekwe’s classmate Tobias : Ibekwe’s brother Tochukwu : Ibekwe’s brother Professor Efekwachi ; Dean, Faculty of Social Sciences, Otutuechi University, Dubem Professor Orofo : Head, Political Science Department Dr(Mrs) Maduekwe : Senior Lecturer in Political Science Department Dr. Chiedu

Saturation strategy Essays

Saturation strategy Essays Saturation strategy Paper Saturation strategy Paper Michael Bergdahl (2004) had mentioned that focusing on providing the right products and outstanding customer service to your targeted customer is really the key to the retail ballgame. All associates work for the customers who buy our merchandise. In fact, the customers can fire everybody in our company. And they can do it by simply spending their money somewhere else. The greatest measure of our success is how well we please the customer, Our Boss. Sam Walton, Founder of Wal-Mart  Sam had a famous saying: Please show your customers the eight teeth.In Sam seems only a smile to reveal the extent of eight teeth, can be called a qualified service with a smile. Sam also taught staff: When customers come from within 10 feet of you, you have to look at the customers eyes and gently encourage him to give you advice and help.This one is summarized as ten feet attitude, Wal-Mart employees as guidelines. (Wal-Mart: No secret to success, 2002) Wal-Marts customer first principle is famous, it is well known two provisions: the first article: customer is always right; the second provides that: If the customer is just wrong, please refer to the first! More distinctive, Wal-Marts customer relationship philosophy is the customer is the employees Boss. (Rahman, 2008)  A happy environment for customers in Wal-Mart can be regarded as a marketing perspective strategy which works on the customers philosophy.  Matt Haig said that the ultimate key to Wal-Marts success is scale. Wal-Mart is usually double and sometimes triples the size of its competitors stores. This enables Wal-Mart to buy products in very great bulk, and therefore make the prices per item cheaper. The big stores equal big discounts from suppliers equal low prices for customers. Wal-Marts market saturation strategy is beat one of the business strategy. The so-called market saturation strategy, that is, within a certain time and certain to quickly layout to maximize the number of stores, quickly saturated the market; do not leave any chance to the opponent. Wal-Marts approach is to each place to intervals of 20 miles or so, Wal-Mart stores full of dense, so that to the retail market becomes saturated. This will prevent foreign companies to enter, but also give full play to the efficiency of distribution centers, reducing picking costs (Pharmacy business strategy: to Wal-Mart school of business management pharmacy, medicine, medicine pharmaceutical industry, nd). Moreover, Wal-Mart goes to global to expend its scale. Wal-Mart began operations in the worlds most populous nation in 1996, opening a Wal-Mart Supercenter and a Sams Club (John Yunker, 2002, p 551). Since 1991, Wal-Mart from the United States to expand overseas, has been vigorously promote globalization. In 1993, Wal-Mart the number of overseas stores only 1% of all stores by the year 2000 has grown to 25%, two years after and increased to 27%. From 1996 to 2000, the companys sales grew 27% in overseas business. Even if the global economic downturn in 2001 and 2002, the company operating overseas sales to 17% contribution. (Wal-Marts Globalization and Localization, 2003) Now, Wal-Mart which 25% of its stores are located outside the United States, yet were in only nine countries, and Wal-Mart, like most major companies, is just getting started (John Yunker, 2002, p 551). As globalization is now a not reversible trend, Wal-Mart goes to global scale is a wise investment for its long term success.  Conclusion  Wal-Mart now is the biggest retailer in the world, the success factor as a marketing perspective strategy includes the price, products, promotion, service, scale.  Although Wal-Mart has met problems such as at the beginning of globalization, (In the late 1990s, Wal-Mart decided to open stores in Germany as part of their strategic growth initiative, however it failed because of the different culture (Kyle Lundby, Allen I. Kraut, 2008, p 564).), it came over, which I think is the most important factor for Wal-Marts success. Discuss the management actions you would suggest to Wal-Mart in order for the company to operate more effectively and efficiently.  As we know planning is a process that managers use to identify and select appropriate goals and courses of action. There are three steps in planning process: deciding which goals the organization will pursue; deciding what courses of action to adopt to attain those goals; deciding how to allocate organizational resources to attain to those goals (Golding, N, 2009). As one of the worlds largest retailer, Wal-Mart has grown to be an immense success among American consumers. In order to operate the company more effectively and efficiently, Wal-Mart should do more works on their planning. Firstly, based on the mission of Wal-Mart which is to offer low prices than other retailers with high quality and maximize returns for the benefits of its shareholders and employees, managers should make more strategies to improve on the sides of the quality of their selling products and the returns for the benefits of its shareholders and employees. On the side of high quality of selling products, Wal-Mart should purchase the high quality products from the suppliers. Nowadays, more and more customers like to purchase things in the international chain stores. They think the international chain stores have higher quality guarantee. So Wal-Mart should not only focus on the low prices, they also should guarantee the quality. Wal-Mart should introduce some goods and services that other retailers do not have. Like the retailer Tesco in the world, they provide many goods and services that other retailers do not have; they now have many supermarkets in the world. Secondly, Wal-Mart should do more planning on the management of change. There are some problems such as people, structure, or technology in the organization. Then, managers should plan any alterations in them. Depending on the strategies, it requires the use of different structures because a differentiation strategy needs an organic structure for better control. However, after the managers develop the plans, they should do more works on coordinating the activities. Wal-Mart manager can hold some meetings to discuss the advantages and disadvantages of these plans. The workers should be done carefully because they are the last step to act the plans. With these jobs dome, the managers of War-Mart managers can bring into effect.  These management actions with good planning could be strategically utilized or adopted by Wal-Mart so as to improve the operations of the company.

STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT ANALYSIS Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT ANALYSIS - Essay Example The company seeks to liaise with other automobile companies and revive electric vehicles in Israel. This way, a major network of electric vehicles will be formed (Gilder, 2013, p. 95). Better Place has a mission to exist on which aims at complete elimination of automobiles that use oil. These cars will be friendly to the environment as there will be no toxic fumes production via exhaust pipes. This implies that there will be no threat of gas build up from these cars. Better Place asserts that it is different from other companies in the sense that it works in the view of changing the world by bringing on board the electric vehicles. The vehicles will be cost effective as opposed to cars that are wholly dependent on petrol and diesel. According to statistics, it can be shown that internal combustion vehicles would cost owners an average of $ 0.11-0.12 for every mile cruised. On the other hand, electric cars are estimated to spend $ 0.06-0.08 mile on average (Alt, 2013, p. 6). These sta tistics fully support the Better place in its assertion that it will make a difference that will impact positively on the lives of Israelites. On the contrary, if Better Place were not there, there would also be unhealthy competition due to the fact that there would be no change in different car models to offer a wide range of choice (Etzion & Struben, 2011, p.8). Also, creativity and innovation would be phased out in automobile industry leaving no opportunity for more choices. Better Place has stakeholders who intend to build long term relationship with for constructive progress of the company. These stakeholders decide on forms of engagement and recording of the outcomes as well as improving the way the organization works (Husted & Allen, 2011, pp. 128). These stakeholders include employees, customers, suppliers and members of the community in Israel. The headquarters in California provide the effective guide in terms of delocalized management in which case the company is able to have well co-ordinated activities in all countries of operations. They are very important in business engagements as they contribute in its growth and development. This relationship is illustrated using a table below whereby employees’ involvement is to improve morale, motivation and creation of dynamic safe environment. Customers on the other hand engage in building reputation helping in building the business (Etzion & Struben, 2011, p.21). Then, government helps the company keep abreast with policy and regulations while the community builds the organization’s reputation. Venture capital investors have the duty to invest more capital into the business so that its financial status is strategically envisioned. Suppliers have a very big role to play in production as the supplies of for example tires keep the company service and goods provision to the market strong and stable. Other utility companies are very important as they either make use of the company products or ma ke relevant supplies of validity. Car manufacturers are of great value because they make the industry have the required supplies of cars and spare parts as much as possible. Low level of Interest High Low Power High source: (Gilder, 2013) Industry Analysis and Scenarios Better place is bound to face various positive and negative scenarios in its course of it business activities. This means that eventualities are expected and the company must device new strategies of fighting its rivals in business activities. In this respect, it should prepare to fight all possible threat that may undermine its progress. This would be achieved by proper incorporation of methods that re reasonable and

Business Structure Advice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 3

Business Structure Advice - Essay Example This is where you choose to take on partners. Partners contribute capital to start the business. The business may be a limited partnership that is different from a partnership because some partners (limited partners) have limited liability for the company’s debts while others have unlimited liability (general partners). Advantages of a Partnership will be: My recommendation to you as a new business owner is to start a business as a sole proprietorship and refrain from taking on partners. The sole proprietorship business structure will give you the opportunity start at a lower cost and offer you the flexibility of controlling the business. Once the business is stable, you can safely move to other business structures based on the company’s requirements. Sole-proprietorship-advantages-and-disadvantages. (2014, September 9). Retrieved from Tasmanian Government: https://www.business.tas.gov.au/starting-a-business/starting-a-business-from-scratch/choosing-a-business-structure-intro/sole-proprietorship-advantages-and-disadvantages., Department of State Growth

Employment Law Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 3

Employment Law - Case Study Example In fact, corporate accounting team was among the top performing teams of the company. But from last two months some misunderstandings evolved between the members of the team. The performance of last two months of this team also decreased at a substantial rate. This decrease in performance led to an investigation into the matters of the team. Upon interviews with all team members and other team member of other concerned departmental teams, some important issues between the above mentioned three members of the corporate accounting team have been identified. These issues must be brought into your knowledge. These issue need to be dealt in earnest to avoid some dire consequences. After working for years in a team, Mary and Michael become close friends. They go for lunch together. They often hang out together. John who is heading the corporate accounting team was also working with Mary for years. Mary is an attractive young lady and John also likes her and has developed feeling for Mary. But John is also jealous with the close relation between Mary and Michael. John is an able person and an important employee of the company. On the other hand the performance of Mary and Michael is also good. Last month John, Mary and Michael behaved normal during everyday happenings. But this month they frequently entered into arguments which the other team members think is not normal and therefore not good for the company. Due to this tension between John and Michael, the everyday matters of the team are getting disturbed. Whereas, John has many times favored Mary unduly thereby bypassing the merit. Actually, Michael is senior after John and is eligible for a promotion to head the team. John is also eligible to become manager, so after the promotion of the Michael, John would have to head some other larger team. But John wants to keep closer to Mary. At the same time John wants to keep Mary and Michael far

Strategic Management For Fly Dubai

Strategic Management For Fly Dubai This paper explores the existing aviation company Fly Dubai in a manner that analyzes and evaluates their current operations and efforts in a manner relative to strategic management. Further to this, the paper suggests that Fly Dubai is still relatively young in the market and requires a significantly more amount of experience before it can be labelled as competitive with other companies in the industry- namely, Emirates Airlines, Etihad Airlines and Air Arabia, SAMA, NAS in Saudi Arabia. The first part of the paper comprehensively analyzes the aviation industry at the present, and this serves purpose to gain knowledge about the competition and the market before a constructive and logical analysis can be made about Fly Dubai. Therefore, important factors such as the external environment, internal environment and Porters Five Forces are discussed. The second part of the paper is directly relative to Fly Dubai as well as their chief competitors in the industry. Here, certain Generic strategies are analyzed and proposed to indefinitely help the company gain a competitive advantage. Another important framework we used is the Product Growth Matrix, which analyzes the situation that they are facing, and we have proposed that they use Market Development. Ultimately, the paper ends with a conclusion and recommendations, which we believe would best, support Fly Dubai. Part 1- Industry Analysis Introduction This paper is focused on developing Strategic Management for a major public aviation company and their expansion into the industry with a new strategy to give them a competitive advantage against their competition. Unlike a business plan, a strategic management focuses on the two major factors that surround scheme of business development for the related industry, and the company. Since the core value of a business is generating acceptable returns, this paper concentrates on the methods that they particularly went through in order to achieve it. Although strategic management is increasingly important for the success of products, it is also important to establish that the industry is swiftly ascending with fresh ideas continually making a consumers life relatively easier and more pleasurable. A service-based business is extensively labour-intensive, and to sell the service requires an excellent business development team and therefore, it is also necessary to productively market your employees and their skills in order to gain more business. Therefore, in this paper, we will be studying the public aviation business based in Dubai that only concentrates on chartering passengers through the use of their Low cost carriers. This company is known as Fly Dubai. Our Strategic Management analysis will conclude theories and frameworks commonly used in the corporate world today such as PEST Analysis, Competitor Analysis, SWOT Analysis, Porters Five Forces, Porters Generic Strategies and many more. Ultimately, we will establish a number of results and based on it we will provide several recommendations and a conclusion. Industry Trends The Aviation industry in the UAE developed in 1985 when Emirates Airlines was founded after Gulf Air reduced their flight services to Dubai. This is when Sheikh Ahmed bin Saeed Al Maktoum took action and started the company in order for citizens in the UAE to be able to travel more frequently. In October 1985, the company flew their first routes from two leased planes. Nowadays, many other airlines have emerged in the UAE to compete with Emirates including Etihad Airways, Air Arabia and Fly Dubai. (AFP, 2009). Not with standing the increased success in commercial airlines appearing in the UAE, Fly Dubai differs largely due to the fact that it is a cost effective airline. According to Saif Mohammed Al Suwaidi, Director General of GCAA said: Air operations in UAE so significant growth in the first quarter of 2010 (n/a, 2010). The Middle East Business Aviation Association (MEBAA) has confirmed that the number of business jets in Middle East region have grown to about 500 aircraft in the past few years showing a growth of approximately 30-40%. Further to this report, the Aviation industry is expected to grow at 15-20% annually over the next four years to become a multi-billion dollar industry. It also assumes that from the year 2012-2018 the MENA region will receive 20-25% of the new business amounting to about  £300 billion. (n/a, 2009). PEST Analysis The first general method, which is commonly used in the analysis of the external environment, is through the PEST Analysis. It is increasingly important to understand the nature of external surroundings as they inevitably play a major role in effecting the companys operations. Fly Dubais PEST projections can be seen on the next page. Factor Description Implications on the Aviation Industry Political Low government intervention Supports foreign direct investments which leads to political stability In regards to locally owned companies, the government does not intervene and actually supports their operations Investments help increase the countrys GDP which is favorable for the government Economic Inflation over the past few years has led to more costs Stable interest rates and no taxes Rise in GDP and disposable income GCC unemployment rate had decreased from 12.4% to 10.5% (McGinley, 2010) Inflation has led to higher labor and operating costs, but also shows the expansion in the UAE This has led the business being able to borrow more without the fret of taxation and increased cost The countrys growth in GDP and disposable income mean that consumers have more money to spend on Aviation services This gives a positive sign to increase liquidity in the market. Socio-cultural Growing social trend in the Aviation industry Young workforce Low cost appeal (n/a, 2010). Increased number of tourism More people are using chartered services which indicates an overall industry growth A younger workforce will reduce costs for pensions Because of the recession, people have decreased their spending by allocating cheaper airlines Tourism will increase by 40% in next 3 years. (n/a, 2008) Technological New plane models available in the market Better operational technology Online booking These models which companies have ordered make them more competitive as their service is more desirable by having modern technology Business operations can run smoother as technology helps them reduce costs and improve quality of the service LCC dont focus on sales offices for lowering their costs ,so they focus on their website and make it more efficient for them and clinets. Strategic Group Map As we can see from the graph above, the two measurements we have chosen for our strategic group map is product quality and price. The graph above shows us that Emirates airlines and Ettihad airways have the biggest market share and they are competing against each other. As Emirates Airlines announced in their website, that they aim to increase their market share to 70% by 2010 without compromising their reputation for quality. (Emirates, 2010). Although they dont start from the same point, but Ettihad Airlines are trying their best to compete with Emirates by giving better offers and prices to same destinations, so people got attracted and didnt mind the 45 minutes drive to Abu Dhabi for the same kind of quality and cheaper prices. Now these two companies are indirect competitors for Fly Dubai. The major competitor for Fly Dubai is Air Arabia, where they launched in Sharjah Int. Airport before Fly Dubai was established. So, people were aware of Air Arabia and tried the experience of flying on a low cost carrier. Thats their major competitor, and they have other competitors but from different countries such as, Al jazeera airlines where they are based in Kuwait, and Fly Nas and Sama airlines where they are based in Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Five Forces Analysis Michael Porter, the man behind the theory of differentiation states that a business needs to spend more money on creating these values added products or services in order to make it relatively obvious that the product or service is different. (Cordle, 2008). Michael Porter developed the Five Forces Analysis, which primarily helps companies in dealing with internal and external competition from customers and suppliers as well as from other competitors. It also establishes the risk of the current product or service offered. This is all incorporated into a diagram, which is illustrated below: Threat of new entrants Product differentiation: Medium as the aviation industry has been quite innovative on product development and has used all the ideas available- however; they have also proven to be strong competition and adapted similar features as well as their own unique features. Capital requirements: High as the technology used is constantly changing, developing and growing which would justify the need for high capital technological assets and new aircraft models Cost advantages independent of size: High as costs generally vary depending on how large the establishment is, how many staff members are employed, and the amount of customers that use the services or buy the products Access to distribution channels: High as the airline companies can acquire customers through different means such as the internet, travel agencies, sales calls and from their own offices After this analysis we can see that the threat of new entrants is low because the industry is hard to enter. Bargaining power of buyers Concentration of purchases: High as the amount of purchases is decided by the buyer and ultimately determines sales revenue Alternatives and substitutes: High as there are a large amount of carriers that consumers can choose from and all have access to Price or cost sensitivity: High as consumers would generally select a business that offers a fair otherwise cheaper price for the same products Importance of quality: High as consumers have adapted to a certain taste and they constantly assess product quality and customer service to determine their buy Amount of money saved by consumer: High especially during the financial crisis where savings and survival is has grown to be extremely important. (n/a, 2009). Here the bargaining power of buyers is high. Threat of substitute products Price limitations: Medium as this affects the highest amount they are able to charge to consumers and ultimately demonstrates the amount of revenue they will make Ability to upgrade: High due to the rapid advancement of technology and the introduction to newer models of aircrafts from different companies Costs in production: Medium as technology can enable cheaper production but they still employ a large amount of staff in the region Price of substitute: High as this can negatively affect each companies sales growth if another company gains customers due to cheaper prices- this ultimately seems to benefit Fly Dubai more due to their cheaper prices Performance and quality: Low as Low cost carriers are new companies that only started up a few years ago and their scope in the business is low. That is, they do not fly to many destinations and they do not have a wide customer base at the moment. It is high for companies such as Emirates as they have experience, and their high quality brand name and services is difficult to match Here the threat of substitute products is Moderate. Bargaining power of suppliers Low cost carriers purchase their complete air fleet from suppliers such as Boeing and Airbus. They then hand this to third party companies to input entertainment systems and furnish the interior for the different classes, which ultimately create value-added amenities by using this method. Here we can see that the bargaining power of suppliers is Moderate Rivalry among competing firms Numerous competitors: High rivalry as each company is trying to capture the same target market and therefore use their advertising, marketing and promotion techniques Industry growth: High-the market has shown that this industry has grown significantly over the years and more people are gaining access to travelling Differentiation: Medium as there is only a limit to the innovation that can be done on an airplane. However, Low cost carriers have incorporated many other components on their plane such as entertainment, shopping and many more. Amount of fixed costs: This can be determined by factors such as rent, wages and capital expenditure. From this, we can say that it is high. Height of exit barriers: Low for Low cost carriers as they control a relatively small market share, but it is high for Emirates and Etihad who have a vast number of customers which they cater to. Here we can see that the Rivalry among competing firms is Moderate/high. In conclusion, we see after analyzing the five forces, we can say that the market is moderate to high, which is hard to get in because of the difficulties, high starting cost and the experience needed to enter to airline industry. Core Competencies/Key Success Factors A core competency is defined as a companys basic business and area of greatest expertise that provides consumer benefits, not easy for competitors to imitate and can be leveraged widely too many products and markets. (Campbell Luchs, 1997) Essentially, a core competency should accomplish three things: Concrete on the popular destinations to expanded their market. Significantly improve the following attributes. Availability / Scheduling Terminal / Ground Services Price Reputation Prove to be challenging for competitors to imitate their cost leadership strategy. Based on this, airlines would have three major competencies to gain a competitive advantage over each other in the region. The first core competency that low cost carriers will have is related to their prices, which is significantly cheaper compared to other airlines in the region. To accomplish this, they will need to identify and analyze their operations and costs thoroughly to see where they can minimize their costs so that their low fares will not disrupt their ability to generate profit. This will give them a competitive advantage, as customers would prefer low cost airlines, and retain their loyalty to the brand. The second core competency they will offering additional services to customers. Generally, people associate a low-cost airline with no service- but Low cost carriers will differentiate them here and offer a special service by adding additional costs for the service. The last core competency will be the vast variety of destinations they travel to. Although the companies are still relatively small now- they will eventually expand and fly to a large number of countries in the different regions which will attract more people to use their service for less cheaper price from the other airlines. Industry Environmental Scan External Opportunities and Threats Opportunities Lack of price competition in the UAE market: Since most of the airline carriers are relatively high in costs compared to others in the world, local air carriers do not engage as actively in price competition. Fly Dubai however has started with this. Potential to attract clients from the entire region: Since the other airline companies in the GCC do not often fly internationally to popular destinations, the local air carriers in the UAE can attract them as they do fly to these areas. Expansion into international markets: Due to their value added services and state of the art planes, they appeal more to customers and therefore if airline companies in the UAE situate themselves more internationally, they can gain more customers. Contract to corporations and executives: The airline companies can further increase the amount of frequent flyers and gain more revenue by targeting companies that are situated around the GCC. In particular, multinational companies are ones that have executives that need to constantly travel, and therefore they can take advantage of this situation. Threats Increasing costs in the aviation industry: Due to the increase in technology and the value added services they provide, costs have become increasingly expensive for the aviation industry. Furthermore, the costs of labor are also quite high which adds to their total expenses. Shortage of skilled labor: In some areas, the aviation companies here lack skilled labor to perform certain tasks such as aircraft engineering and maintenance, marketing and other activities. Emirates is the only company who has skilled employees in these departments whereas others are not as efficient. Damaging impacts on the environment: The emission of carbon and greenhouse gases from the aircraft fuel has proven to be detrimental to the environment and therefore companies need to be aware of this and somehow prevent it. Falling prices: In certain industries such as real estate, prices have fallen drastically, and this leaves corporations with less money to spend on services. As a result, companies have cut back their traveling costs. Competitors increasing: Due to the increasing amount of free zones in the UAE, multinational companies have found it convenient to start their developments in the region as it is low in cost. As a result, there is an increase in competition from other airlines internationally. Industry Internal Scan Internal Strengths and Weaknesses Strengths Support and patronage from government: The UAE government owns and controls all of their airlines and therefore they all gain financial support. Diversified and state of the art planes: The planes, which they own, are newer and significantly better than many other airline companies around the world. Popular and growing companies: The aviation industry consists of the few primary companies offering flights and since their services are relatively good, this improves their brand image to the population. Value added services provided to all customers: The service incorporated in the UAE airline companies are significantly better than others around the world Memberships: They all have memberships in prominent establishments such as Middle East Business Aviation Association which improves their trustworthiness Weaknesses Based mostly in UAE which limits their intake of customers from abroad and around the region: Most of the aircraft companies focus solely on chartering customers in the UAE which limits the potential business they could be making High employee turnover due to low morale: Labor laws are constantly being refined in the UAE, as it is still a developing country. Further to this, they require more experience human resources staff in order to motivate employees to enjoy their job and stay at the company as well as performing highly Business opportunities such as cargo transporting are not always taken advantage of and are expensive: The UAE is a business hub and many companies around the world are establishing themselves. However, most of these companies have restrictions so they cannot produce many products and local companies only produce products for the UAE- the rest is imported. This greatly increases the amount of costs as exported goods are expensive, and they do not partake in exporting their own products, which could potentially earn them more revenue. Part 2- Company Strategy Analysis Mission Statement A mission statement may be identified as the purpose behind a companys existence. The aim is to create an internal image towards employees and an external image towards the public indicating their intentions of operating the business, as well as what they wish to accomplish. Fly Dubai does not have a mission statement on their websites, but from the words of the chairman (Sheikh Ahmed bin Saeed Al Maktoum), he mentioned the following: Our mission is to bring some two billion regional inhabitants affordable, efficient and flexible travel options to and from Dubai. Nine Essential Components of a Mission Statement Customers Services Markets Technology Concern for Survival, Growth and Profitability Philosophy Self-Concept Concern for Public Image Concern for Employees Judging by the various essential components of a mission statement, it is clear that Fly Dubai still needs to work on developing theirs more. (FARNBOROUGH, 2008). Fly Dubai Generic Strategy Essentially, a company that excels in the industry with exceptional performance that yield significantly larger profits than their rivals, they are said to possess a competitive advantage. There are two common strategies that allow a company to reach this goal, and this can be identified as: Cost Strategy Niche Differentiation Strategy (CAPA, 2009). Cost Strategy In order for a company such as Fly Dubai to implement a Cost Strategy, they need to be able to deliver the same benefits as competing airlines, but should operate under a lower cost. In the research studies on Strategic Management, the resource-based view is a well-established principal that helps a business gain competitive advantage by working on their Value Chain and implementing value-added principals. In the next section, I will describe Fly Dubais value chain, which will allow us to see how they gain a competitive advantage. The Value Chain The value chain comprises of a number of activities that are commonly found in business operations, and is identified as important in gaining a competitive advantage and developing and sustaining shareholder value. The diagram below best represents the value chain and the significant inputs that are analyzed: Primary Activities Inbound Logistics: This refers to how Fly Dubai receives their aviation products and services before distributing it. Operations: This refers to how Fly Dubai uses their resources and change it into a service. Their resources are primarily their fleet of planes, which are docked at several international terminals, and in this method they pick up and drop off passengers. Outbound Logistics: This refers to the channels of distribution Fly Dubai uses to effectively sell their flights to customers. They mostly use online booking, travel agencies, and contact customers directly, or customers can contact them via their office. Marketing and Sales: This refers to the identification of target markets, which bring Fly Dubai sales revenue. Fly Dubai carries out extensive market research to reach their customers who are interested in low fairs. Also, they have to create brand awareness among their customers since they just launched. This step is important to expand their market share. Also, through out their marketing research, they can develop new attractive packages as part of their promotions. It will be difficult to develop large marketing campaign because most of their money will be as operational expenses. Moreover, sales are more cost effective when they make it through Internet. However, consumers in Middle East region are not used to buy from Internet. Service: This refers to the post-purchase activities that ensure customer satisfaction. Fly Dubai issues a questionnaire, which they can follow up with customers on the quality of their products and customer service. Also, they added additional services to their customers such choosing seats when purchasing tickets. Those extra services will add more value to Fly Dubai image. In addition, those services will generate a good publicity for the company through word of mouth. Support Activities Firm infrastructure: Fly Dubais firm infrastructure ensures that certain policies and procedures are followed to support the primary activities. Fly Dubai operates from Dubai International Airport, Terminal 2. Dubai Government developed high infrastructure for Dubai Airport to provide excellent services to passengers. Since Fly Dubai fully owned by Dubai Government, they have all the necessary facilities under their control. Human resource management: Fly Dubai uses extensive human resources practices to recruit the best employees, and effectively trains them, develops them in certain company positions and finally gives them compensation for their hard work through salaries, benefits, bonuses and motivation. However, lack of experience is major issue in this new company. So, they supported by Emirates Group to overcome this weakness. According to Arabian Business that Fly Dubai has received more than 11,500 applications from flight and cabin crew. (Sambidge, 2009). This shows the huge amount of applicants who want to work with this company because they believe that it has bright future because of the reputation gained from its mother company Emirates Group. Technology development: Fly Dubai uses technology to lower their cost by selling tickets through their website www.FlyDubai.com. Adding more features to help customers to print their boarding pass and to choose their seat location by extra fees. Analyzing customer surveys to help with the general support of the company. Their technology is also developed to monitor sales and create functional reports. Differentiation Strategy The differentiation strategy is when a company can successfully thrive in the market while charging premium prices to their consumers for products or services. Essentially, leveraging either a better standard of service quality towards consumers, or having a better product performance does this. Fly Dubai can be differentiated from other competitors by adding flights to popular destinations that have great demand from their target market. Since their market is fragmented, differentiation is important to attract more customers and to expand their market share. There are several different ways in which Fly Dubai gain a competitive advantage in this way. It is renowned that they offer a great airline service along with the most state-of-the-art amenities and technology for all classes, and people gather such information when a company expresses their differentiation. The company does this in a number of ways, and this includes: Brand Awareness Fly Dubai can use extensive advertising techniques in order to penetrate the aviation market and create a higher demand for their services. Firstly, it is important to note that Dubai is one of the fastest growing tourist destinations in the world. Their rapid expansion in major industries has led them to dominate the tourism market. Business Operations Another method, which Fly Dubai can use to gain a competitive advantage through differentiation, is by offering cargo services, freight and logistics, engineering services, and plenty of other subsidiaries which associate these services with the company. Therefore, this reflects positively on the brand name. Service Quality Fly Dubai has won recognition for their high service quality. They spend extensive amounts of their budget on the development of human resources, which ultimately leads to a better service quality, and this improves customer satisfaction. Value Added Features Fly Dubai has a number of value added features, which basically offers them more for the money they spend when flying with them. Firstly, they have a service staff, which is guaranteed to delight every customer they serve. These features contribute to customer satisfaction and improve loyalty in the long run. Marketing Mix One of the prime theories of analysis for a business includes analyzing the market in several terms that would help them identify ways in which they can improve, but more importantly creates a structure in which a company can base their product lines on. This is known as the marketing mix or the 4 Ps as it generally covers the following four factors- products, price, promotion and place. Product: The product entails analyzing the services that Fly Dubai currently offers to their customers and how it meets their demands. They are a public aviation charter service that flies a target market of consumers to a number of countries. Price: The type of services that Fly Dubai offers generally have a high cost margin as they are using modern technology along with the most knowledgeable staff to carry out their operations. Therefore, we can establish that Fly Dubai uses a cost-plus pricing approach where they charge the cost of the operation plus a mark-up for their services. Promotion: Currently, Fly Dubai uses many major forms of promotion, and they generally rely on loyal customers and repeat business to make their profits. They consider various forms of advertising through media sources such as television, radio, newspaper, magazines, cinemas, and Internet. Place: Their operations are run from their primary location, which is in Dubai, UAE. Although they are currently quite profitable and the industry has witnessed a large amount of growth, they have room for expansion in the UAE and other GCC countries as a start. Dubai is quickly being recognized as a business hub and Fly Dubai can exploit that market to be competitive and increase their overall profitability. Competitor Analysis When developing a Strategic Marketing strategy, it is always important to identify the main competitors and find out information about their services and how much of a threat they are to your company in the market. The most efficient way to do this is to compare their marketing mix with Fly Dubai, which is seen below: Emirates Airlines (Indirect) Etihad Airlines (indirect) Air Arabia (direct) Product They offer a range of flights to various different destinations and have a luxurious brand to speak of. They also have cargo transportation that is widely used by corporations. This company offers similar services to Emirates but they do not focus on luxury and are limited to flights. Etihad has cargo services but the division is relatively small They offer similar services to Fly Dubai in terms that it is cheaper- but they are still more expensive. Furthermore, Fly Dubai has better planes. Price Emirates has the most expensive prices in the region but they justify it due to the high value services that are offered They offer slightly lower prices than Emirates but their aircraft fleet is very limited and their services are less desirable Their prices are comparable to Fly Dubai, but their services are not as good Promotion Emirates advertises extensively and has many marketing promotions which is seen throughout the media They

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Democratic societies are those who allow individuals to participate in the decision making process, in addition to recognizing and practicing the human rights. The majority of the democratic societies recognize the right to vote as a fundamental human right in accordance with the European Union on Human rights act 1998 protocol 1, part 2, article 3, which acknowledges the right of each individual to vote and without excluding any particular person. Despite this, many countries including the United Kingdom, embargo prisoners from practicing this right and believe in their disenfranchisement. Currently, there is an on going debate concerning the United Kingdom’s breach of the Humans right act in light of the case of Hirst v United Kingdom (74025/01) which has forced the UK to reconsider its position. Banning prisoners from voting contradicts democracy and violations the human rights act. This paper will focus on analyzing a number of different arguments concerning this matter. The United Kingdom’s stance on the disenfranchisement of prisoners was clearly expressed in the Representati...